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Tibiofemoral movement 2: the loaded and unloaded living knee studied by MRI

P. F. Hill, MChir, FRCS; V. Vedi, FRCS; A. Williams, FRCS; H. Iwaki, MD; V. Pinskerova, MD, Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon; and M. A. R. Freeman, MD, FRCS, Honorary Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon

Correspondence should be sent to Mr M. A. R. Freeman at The Bone and Joint Research Unit, Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel Road, London E1 1BB, UK.

In 13 unloaded living knees we confirmed the findings previously obtained in the unloaded cadaver knee during flexion and external rotation/internal rotation using MRI. In seven loaded living knees with the subjects squatting, the relative tibiofemoral movements were similar to those in the unloaded knee except that the medial femoral condyle tended to move about 4 mm forwards with flexion. Four of the seven loaded knees were studied during flexion in external and internal rotation. As predicted, flexion (squatting) with the tibia in external rotation suppressed the internal rotation of the tibia which had been observed during unloaded flexion.




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Hip, Knee, Trauma, Upper limb, Foot & Ankle, Paediatrics, Oncology, Spine, Arthroplasty, General