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Tissue-engineered bone formation in vivo using a novel sintered polymeric microsphere matrix

Center for Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.

S. F. El-Amin, MD, PhD; and C. T. Laurencin, MD, PhD, Lillian T. Pratt Distinguished Professor

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, 400 Ray C. Hunt Drive, Suite 330 Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA.

Correspondence should be sent to Professor C. T. Laurencin.

We have evaluated in vivo a novel, polymer-based, matrix for tissue engineering of bone. A segmental defect of 15 mm was created in the ulna of New Zealand white rabbits to determine the regenerative properties of a porous polylactide-co-glycolide matrix alone and in combination with autogenous marrow and/or the osteoinductive protein, BMP-7. In this study four implant groups were used: 1) matrix alone; 2) matrix with autogenous marrow; 3) matrix with 20 µg of BMP-7; and 4) matrix with 20 µg of BMP-7 and autogenous marrow.

The results showed that the degree of bone formation was dependent on the properties of the graft material. The osteoconductive sintered matrix structure showed significant formation of bone at the implant-bone interface. The addition of autogenous marrow increased the penetration of new bone further into the central area of the matrix and also increased the degree of revascularisation. The osteoinductive growth factor BMP-7 induced penetration of new bone throughout the entire structure of the implant. The most effective treatment was with the combination of marrow cells and osteoinductive BMP-7.

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