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Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - British Volume, Vol 88-B, Issue 2, 188-197.
doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.88B2.17220  
Copyright © 2006 by British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery
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Hands-on robotic unicompartmental knee replacement

A PROSPECTIVE, RANDOMISED CONTROLLED STUDY OF THE ACROBOT SYSTEM

J. Cobb, MCh FRCS, Professor of Orthopaedics1; J. Henckel, MRCS, Research Fellow2; P. Gomes, Lic(Eng), MSc, PhD, DIC, Director of Operations3; S. Harris, BSc, MSc, PhD, DipEng, Project Manager3; M. Jakopec, BSc, PhD, DIC, Project Manager3; F. Rodriguez, MEng, PhD, DIC, Project Manager3; A. Barrett, BEng, MSc, PhD, DIC, ACGI, Project Manager3; and B. Davies, DSc, PhD, DIC, FIMechE, FREng, Professor of Medical Robotics4

1 Imperial College London, Department of Orthopaedics, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London W6 8RF, UK.
2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Middlesex Hospital, Mortimer Street, London W1T 3AA, UK.
3 The Acrobot Co. Ltd., The Leathermarket, Weston Street, London SE1 3ER, UK.
4 Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.

Correspondence should be sent to Professor J. Cobb; e-mail: j.cobb{at}imperial.ac.uk

We performed a prospective, randomised controlled trial of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty comparing the performance of the Acrobot system with conventional surgery. A total of 27 patients (28 knees) awaiting unicompartmental knee arthroplasty were randomly allocated to have the operation performed conventionally or with the assistance of the Acrobot. The primary outcome measurement was the angle of tibiofemoral alignment in the coronal plane, measured by CT. Other secondary parameters were evaluated and are reported.

All of the Acrobot group had tibiofemoral alignment in the coronal plane within 2° of the planned position, while only 40% of the conventional group achieved this level of accuracy. While the operations took longer, no adverse effects were noted, and there was a trend towards improvement in performance with increasing accuracy based on the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index and American Knee Society scores at six weeks and three months. The Acrobot device allows the surgeon to reproduce a pre-operative plan more reliably than is possible using conventional techniques which may have clinical advantages.




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Hip, Knee, Trauma, Upper limb, Foot & Ankle, Paediatrics, Oncology, Spine, Arthroplasty, General